According to a study conducted by the EUIPO entitled ‘EU enforcement of intellectual property rights: results at the EU border and in the EU internal market 2021’, in 2021, €805 million worth of fake and potentially dangerous goods for the health and safety of consumers were detained by customs officials at the EU external borders. Moreover, ten Member States (Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, France, Romania, Portugal, Spain, Belgium, Malta and Hungary) accounted for almost 97% of the total number of fake items detained in 2021 in the EU.